Arthroplasty (Joint Replacement) of the Foot & Ankle
WHAT IS A JOINT ARTHROPLASTY ?
Arthroplasty is a surgical procedure where a damaged joint or part of a joint is removed and replaced with an implant. In the foot and ankle, joint replacement can be used to relieve pain from severe arthritis, maintain or improve motion, and restore function in joints that are badly worn out or deformed.
Where Is Arthroplasty Used in the Foot & Ankle?
Not every joint in the foot is a good candidate for replacement. Arthroplasty is typically reserved for joints where preserving motion is especially important and where reliable implants are available.
Ankle Joint: Total ankle replacement can be an alternative to ankle fusion for selected patients with advanced ankle arthritis who want to maintain motion.
Big Toe Joint (First MTP Joint): Joint replacement or partial joint resurfacing can be used in cases of hallux rigidus or severe arthritis of the big toe.
Lesser Toe Joints: In select cases, implants may be used to treat painful arthritis in the small joints at the ball of the foot.
What Are Foot & Ankle Joint Implants Made Of?
During the procedure, the joint surfaces are carefully prepared to encourage bone growth. Once the bones are aligned, specialized surgical implants are used to hold them securely in place while they heal together.
Metal Implants: Commonly titanium or surgical stainless steel, often combined with other materials.
Polyethylene or Plastic Components: Used in many ankle replacements to create a smooth bearing surface.
Silicone or Spacer Implants: Sometimes used in smaller toe joints to reduce pain and maintain some motion.
The specific implant chosen depends on the joint involved, your bone quality, activity level, and the surgeon’s training and experience.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS :
When is joint replacement a good option in the foot or ankle?
Arthroplasty is usually considered when a joint is severely arthritic and painful, conservative treatments have not worked, and preserving motion is important for your function. Examples include advanced ankle arthritis in active patients or severe big toe arthritis that limits walking and shoe wear.
How long do foot and ankle joint replacements last?
Implant longevity varies based on the joint, implant type, activity level, and bone quality. While there is no exact number of years guaranteed, many patients experience long-lasting pain relief and improved function. Over time, some implants may loosen or wear and require revision surgery.
Is ankle replacement better than ankle fusion?
Neither option is “better” for every patient. Ankle replacement can maintain motion and may feel more natural for walking, while ankle fusion is generally very durable and predictable. The best choice depends on your age, activity level, deformity, bone quality, and overall health, and is determined after a thorough evaluation.
What is recovery like after arthroplasty?
It depends on the joint and the patient. For many joints in the middle and back of the foot, fusion is the "gold standard" because it is extremely durable and predictable. For the ankle joint, both fusion and replacement are options that we discuss based on your activity level and the condition of your bone.
Are there non-surgical alternatives to joint replacement?
Yes. Before considering arthroplasty, most patients try non-surgical options such as activity modification, special footwear, orthotics, braces, medications, and sometimes injections. Joint replacement is typically reserved for cases where these measures no longer provide adequate relief.
Expert Foot & Ankle Reconstruction
Dr. David Gitlin is a board-certified foot and ankle surgeon who treats the full spectrum of joint problems in the foot and ankle—from early arthritis to advanced deformity and revision surgery. He provides care for patients in Naples, Florida, Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and New York City, offering both joint-preserving procedures and joint replacement options tailored to each patient.
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